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Metaphysics itself usually assumes that some stance has been taken on these questions and that it may proceed independently of the choice-the question of which stance to take belongs instead to another branch of philosophy, epistemology.Ĭentral questions Ontology (being) Others reply that this criticism also applies to any type of knowledge, including hard science, which claims to describe anything other than the contents of human perception, and thus that the world of perception is the objective world in some sense. Some, such as the logical positivists, and many scientists, reject the metaphysical realism as meaningless and unverifiable. Some philosophers, notably Kant, discuss both of these "worlds" and what can be inferred about each one. Metaphysical anti-realism, on the other hand, assumes that the objects studied by metaphysics exist inside the mind of an observer, so the subject becomes a form of introspection and conceptual analysis.
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According to metaphysical realism, the objects studied by metaphysics exist independently of any observer so that the subject is the most fundamental of all sciences. There are two broad stances about what is "the world" studied by metaphysics. For example: claiming that "electrons have charge" is a scientific theory while exploring what it means for electrons to be (or at least, to be perceived as) "objects", charge to be a "property", and for both to exist in a topological entity called "space" is the task of metaphysics.
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While metaphysics may, as a special case, study the entities postulated by fundamental science such as atoms and superstrings, its core topic is the set of categories such as object, property and causality which those scientific theories assume. In mathematics, there are many different ways to define numbers similarly, in metaphysics, there are many different ways to define objects, properties, concepts, and other entities that are claimed to make up the world.
#Meta animal i have become free
Like foundational mathematics (which is sometimes considered a special case of metaphysics applied to the existence of number), it tries to give a coherent account of the structure of the world, capable of explaining our everyday and scientific perception of the world, and being free from contradictions. Metaphysical study is conducted using deduction from that which is known a priori.